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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Hi Sona,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>We also had a problem with spots on a project we did in Pakistan in 2009. The first photo is of an interior 6" thick wattle and daub wall. The second photo is of a 6" thick clay/sand/straw plaster over a concrete block retaining wall (note the wall transitions to straw bale above the shelf). The photos were taken in April, so the walls were drying on the slow side. Surkhab (PAKSBAB's COO) told me that when the walls finished drying, the spots went away. They were then painted with limewash, a typical process for us. There weren't any spots on the straw bale walls, which had thinner plaster (about 1 1/2"). Therefore I suspect thick plaster/slow drying was the culprit in our case.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>I suppose if the spots don't totally go away and you want a natural clay finish, you could try painting the walls with a clay paint. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>I agree with Graeme's comment about the exterior cement paint.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><img width=624 height=468 id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image002.jpg@01CF8C8A.A51D4C90"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><img width=624 height=468 id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image004.jpg@01CF8C8A.A51D4C90"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Darcey<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Darcey Donovan, P.E., C.E.O.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Pakistan Straw Bale and Appropriate Building (PAKSBAB)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>P.O. Box 1083<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Truckee, CA 96160 USA<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>+1-530-902-5516 Ph<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>darceydonovan Skype<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>darcey@paksbab.org <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><a href="www.paksbab.org">www.paksbab.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> GSBN-bounces@sustainablesources.com [mailto:GSBN-bounces@sustainablesources.com] <b>On Behalf Of </b>John Swearingen<br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, June 19, 2014 6:29 PM<br><b>To:</b> Global Straw Building Network<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [GSBN] School built in Nepal - Seek for advise<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>I second Matts' whitewash idea. If it works for politicians, it should work to keep us Out on Bale.<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>John "Whiter whites and Greener greens" Swearingen<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Thu, Jun 19, 2014 at 5:14 PM, Matts Myhrman <<a href="mailto:mattsmy@gmail.com" target="_blank">mattsmy@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Wondering if a lime wash would delete the spots permanently. Easy to test in a small area. Would also lighten up the space.<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>Matts (If all else fails, whitewash it) Myhrman at (Still) Out On Bale.<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Thu, Jun 19, 2014 at 4:57 PM, Graeme North <<a href="mailto:graeme@ecodesign.co.nz" target="_blank">graeme@ecodesign.co.nz</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Hi James<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>The spots look like a very typical interaction that sometimes happens between wet clay and organic matter - and is most likely the result of a fermentation process in action.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>It can take months for the stains that can result to develop as moisture migrates through the material, as you have found out. The end result from fermentation usually toughens up the wall material, but if uneven fermentation takes place within the wall, will typically cause staining. It appears that it may be related to the position of the bamboo that is nearest the surface of the wall, i.e. where the daub is thinnest, for some reason that eludes me.<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>It is not harmful but can be persistent, and can look disfiguring. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Not a very nice idea, but bleach can sometimes remove these marks.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>I think that the very worst thing would be to put a cement based anything on the interior of these walls - that will stop it breathing, trap moisture within the wall, and could lead to all sorts of problems, esp if the spots are related to ongoing moisture migration of any kind within the wall. I am not sure of the traditional houses are now typically rendered on the outside with cement paint, but if they are not, and do not get spots on them, then this may point to the cause and a solution too, as cement based paint will act as a moisture barrier and hold moisture within the walls. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>The traditional render sounds good to me. If it cracks the addition of more aggregates should help, i.e. adding in more rice husks and fibre, or sand if any is available.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>After 6 weeks the plaster should have fermented nicely and give a nice even colour! <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Maybe this may help<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>Graeme <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>Graeme North Architects<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>49 Matthew Road<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>RD1<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>Warkworth 0981<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>tel/fax <a href="tel:%2B64%20%280%299%204259305" target="_blank">+64 (0)9 4259305</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.0pt'><a href="http://www.ecodesign.co.nz" target="_blank">www.ecodesign.co.nz</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>On 18/06/2014, at 8:43 AM, James's <<a href="mailto:james.henderson8@bigpond.com" target="_blank">james.henderson8@bigpond.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><br><br><o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Does anyone have any ideas for Sona?<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Thanks James<br><br>Sent from my iPad<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>Begin forwarded message:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b>From:</b> Sona Huberova <<a href="mailto:sonahuberova@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sonahuberova@yahoo.com</a>><br><b>Date:</b> 16 June 2014 9:47:39 AM AEST<br><b>To:</b> James Henderson <<a href="mailto:james.henderson8@bigpond.com" target="_blank">james.henderson8@bigpond.com</a>><br><b>Subject:</b> <b>School built in Nepal - Seek for advise</b><br><b>Reply-To:</b> Sona Huberova <<a href="mailto:sonahuberova@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sonahuberova@yahoo.com</a>><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>Dear James,<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>my names is Sonia and we met at the EBAA conference last year, we are the couple with the school in Nepal. I have to organize fixing some defects on this first building now and would like to ask for your opinion in one particular matter. I just started to read your book so I thought that you may be able to help us. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>As you may remember, the school is built with bamboo frame and wattle and daub walls, weaved and plastered from two sides. After a couple months, spots appeared on the inside of the walls, you can see in the attachment. The spots are not seen on the outside, but we think that it is because the facades were painted with cement-based paints at the end of construction, which did not happen in the interiors.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>We are planning to fix the spots by painting the interiors with similar paint, although I am not sure it will solve it for good. But we are puzzled why did the spots appear in the same place. We let the villagers to mix and render the walls in their traditional way, so the mixture is as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>3 parts of soil (half in half mixed from two soils, one more clayey, one less) <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>1 part of rice husks<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>1 part forest grass finelly chopped<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>1 part cow/buffalo dung<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>The mixture has been left to rest for six weeks or more. We were told that this is the traditional way to render, and the mixture indeed was very strong after drying, alhough cracked a lot and two more coats were needed to finish it. I am not sure what sort of mixture they used for the final layers, but it would againg be just a combination ot the above mentioned.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>Some of the walls were then filled with loose soil, but we abandonned this so not all of them are. the spots appear on the filled one as well as on the empty ones.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>We are surprised at finding the spots as none of the local houses, rendered in this traditinal way have this problem.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>Would you have an idea what may have caused it? Have you ever encountered or heard of this sort of spotting?<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>Bamboo elements were pressure-treated with solution of Acid Boric and Borax, do you think that may be the problem? <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>We are planning to build more of those school buildings in Nepal based on a standardized project, so we will need to avoid the defects and their causes in future.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>Sorry for bothering you with it and I would understand if you did not have time to answer to me.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>Kind regards<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#2D2D2D'>Sona Huberova</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#454545'><br><a href="tel:%2B61%20466%20482%20682" target="_blank">+61 466 482 682</a></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#2D2D2D'>meem</span></b><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#2D2D2D'>ARCHITECTURE</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#2D2D2D'><a href="http://www.meemarchitecture.org/" target="_blank">www.meemarchitecture.org</a></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><Classroom walls_1.jpg><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><Classroom walls_2.jpg><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><Classroom walls_3.jpg><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></div><p class=MsoNormal>_______________________________________________<br>GSBN mailing list<br><a href="mailto:GSBN@sustainablesources.com" target="_blank">GSBN@sustainablesources.com</a><br><a href="http://sustainablesources.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/GSBN" target="_blank">http://sustainablesources.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/GSBN</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>_______________________________________________<br>GSBN mailing list<br><a href="mailto:GSBN@sustainablesources.com" target="_blank">GSBN@sustainablesources.com</a><br><a href="http://sustainablesources.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/GSBN" target="_blank">http://sustainablesources.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/GSBN</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>_______________________________________________<br>GSBN mailing list<br><a href="mailto:GSBN@sustainablesources.com">GSBN@sustainablesources.com</a><br><a href="http://sustainablesources.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/GSBN" target="_blank">http://sustainablesources.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/GSBN</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><br><br clear=all><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>-- <br><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#666666'>John Swearingen<br>Skillful Means Design & Construction<br>2550 9th Street Suite 209A<br>Berkeley, CA 94710<br>510.849.1800 phone<br>510.849.1900 fax<br><br>Web Site: <a href="http://www.skillful-means.com" target="_blank">http://www.skillful-means.com</a><br>Blog: <a href="https://skillfulmeansdesign.wordpress.com" target="_blank">https://skillfulmeansdesign.wordpress.com</a></span> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div></body></html>